Adjusting to a New Culture: Navigating the Phases of Culture Adaptation
By Emofonmwan Osarumwense

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     A difficult and unsettling experience cannot be compared to none. Cultural shock however, is the feeling of discomfort that arises when an individual is immersed in a new and foreign culture. This phenomenon typically occurs during the transition from one's familiar environment to an unfamiliar one. When people move to different environments, they often experience changes, both positive and negative. For instance, consider a Nigerian university student who goes to study in America for the summer. Initially excited about the trip to an English-speaking country, the student finds themselves facing a different season, language barriers, and a sense of isolation. These feelings are characteristic of culture shock.

     However, there are stages of culture shock. The Honeymoon stage is also known as the initial stage which involves an enamored admiration for the new culture. It is marked by a strong feeling of excitement and fascination with everything new. For instance, an English college student spending time in China might feel captivated by the language, food, and interactions with locals, believing that they could happily live there forever.

    Furthermore, we have The Distress Stage also known as the frustration stage. It is often the most challenging. It occurs when the individual begins to face difficulties related to language barriers, misunderstandings, and cultural differences. The idealistic vision of the new life starts to crack, leading to negative emotions such as homesickness, anger, and a sense of loss.

    Moreover, The Reintegration Stage also called the adjustment stage, emerges around six to twelve months into the experience. Life gradually starts to improve, routines set in, and the individual becomes more familiar with the local way of life, customs, and language. They begin to handle difficulties in a more rational and measured manner, and connections with the local culture deepen.

    The final stage is The Independence Stage also known as the acceptance stage. It doesn't necessarily mean complete understanding of the new culture, but it signifies the realization that one can function and thrive in the new surroundings without fully grasping everything. During this phase, individuals gather the resources they need to feel at ease and embrace the enriching experience of living in a different culture.

    While it may not be possible to entirely avoid culture shock, there are ways to mitigate its effects and facilitate the adaptation process. Keeping an open mind and avoiding preconceived notions about the new culture are vital. Refraining from making constant comparisons between the home country and the new one can also aid in the adaptation process. Embracing new experiences, learning the local language, and actively engaging with the local culture can expedite the acceptance phase. Establishing connections and developing a support system can provide much-needed assistance when facing challenges. Ultimately, experiencing foreign cultures not only enriches our understanding of the world but also offers an opportunity for self-discovery and personal growth.

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