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Book ID Asin: 0099532395
Book Title: Empress Dowager Cixi
Book Author: Chang Jung
Book Format and Price:
Book Format Name: Kindle
Book Format Price: $13.99
Book Format Name: Audiobook
Book Format Price: $0.00
Book Format Name: Hardcover
Book Format Price: $31.96
Book Format Name: Paperback
Book Format Price: $16.12
Book Format Name: AudioCD
Book Format Price: $31.44
Book Price: $16.12
Book Category: Books, Biographies & Memoirs, Historical and unknown
Book Rating: 1,166 ratings

Empress Dowager Cixi by Chang Jung Book Review

Name: Jane Eyre
Rating: 4.0 out of 5 stars
Title: Great take on Cixi and wonderfully told
Date: Reviewed in the United States on November 10, 2022
Review: Loved learning about Cixi and how she might not be the gangster history and certain people have made her to be.

Name: H. Schneider
Rating: 4.0 out of 5 stars
Title: Turbulences of orchid power
Date: Reviewed in the United States on December 13, 2013
Review: Author Jung Chang was very successful with her semi private history of 20th century China, the Wild Swans. She upset some readers with her next book, a very critical and very readable bio of Mao.
Now she comes out with a new surprise, a rehabilitation of the much reviled Empress Dowager Cixi.

Cixi, in this book, is not the xenophobic shrew with the perverse lusts. That portrait, says JC, was based on her opponents' sensationalist calumny and ideological dishonesty.
JC's correction of myths begins pre Cixi, with emperor Qianlong's famous letter to King George. Qianlong did not reject the British trade and embassy offers out of ignorance, but as a defensive measure. The Qing world was already beginning to crumble. The emperor wanted to keep the foreign devils away. As we know, that failed.

When Cixi started her career as an emperor's consort, the empire was in very deep trouble. The Taiping rebellion, which was probably the bloodiest civil war in world history, was still going strong, and foreigners had also waged war against China, over a trade dispute. They were winning, which enraged the Qing emperors in their downward slide in history. Cixi maneuvered herself into a dominating position behind the weak men on the throne.

Some parts of the narration are not really so interesting. For example, we learn in much detail what the lady's hobbies were during her phases of retirement. Even the story how Cixi managed to become a person with power, by a veritable coup d'état, is a bit of a bore.
On the other hand, the consequence was beneficial to China. A relatively long period of peace and prosperity was started, which helped China solve the Taiping crisis, and brought some modernization and progress. The first quarter century after her coup is considered a success. Then she handed over to her nephew, and things went out of shape.
One standard accusation against CX is that she wasted money for the restauration of the Summer Palace, which English and French soldiers had destroyed, and that therefore the navy wasn't able to modernize due to lack of funds, and therefore China lost an important war to Japan, which had serious long term consequences. JC defends CX against this, and puts the blame fully with the new emperor and his advisers, who stopped modernizing the navy due to a lack of strategic insight.

Japan started an expansionist move and beat China badly in the war. A ruinous peace was enforced, which was the beginning of the end for the Qing dynasty. The treaty of 1895 had extortionist conditions for indemnities, and took Taiwan away from China. JC holds that CX has been unjustly blamed for the defeat and the financial disaster. The defeat also made other foreign powers greedy, as it showed the extent of China's weakness. Their impertinence enraged CX, which made her sympathize with the Boxers. After the Boxers were beaten, and CX still in place, a decade of unprecedented opening happened, which, however, didn't help Qing dynastic survival. They were foreign rulers, after all.

JC tends to ascribe all kinds of good intentions and enlightened views to Cixi. I am not sure about the solidity of her proof, so we are never quite sure if she offers solid facts, or maybe she just puts her own picture into it.
JC will also write things like this: Prince Gong's instinctive reaction was this..., but he did that... While this is all quite possibly what happened, we would like to know how the author knows.
This is an interesting book, but hardly a definitive biography of Cixi.

Name: Gwynn B. Owens
Rating: 5.0 out of 5 stars
Title: Cixi: The ultimate survivor!
Date: Reviewed in the United States on December 21, 2014
Review: In response to the many criticisms of this biography by Jung Chang being predisposed to admiration of Cixi rather than impartial, let us all imagine the empire of China as it was. Thoroughly despotic, enshrined traditions that refused updating, Emperors isolated and encumbered by court rituals and the courtiers who clung almost irrationally to them, China had imposed self isolation upon itself further encouraging fatal stagnation. For all its intense inventiveness and the one grand voyage of exploration, China faced no real unity, entrenched in Confucian ideology, a corrupt bureaurcracy, and numerous peasant revolts. With no incentive to change, there was no standing professional national army, only regional armies whose governance lay under the governors of those states, no navy, China was in actuality very weak. Foreign nations found her ready for despoliation, and in the classic imperialistic trend of the 19th century, China suffered humiliation after humiliation at their unjust invasions, and found her people enslaved to the opium trade. She was raped and pillaged; her national treasures looted and burned, then made to pay reparations to those who savaged her!

Imagine how Europeans and Americans would respond to enforced religious proselytism, alien take overs of ports, and having alien armed services to quell any revolt against them and to punish any person who harmed one of the occupiers' people! Imagine being treated as a second class citizen in one's own country! Imagine the legitimate governments having to bow to their demands, to helplessly watch their populaces succumb to drug addiction with drugs provided by those "civilized Christian" nations!

Chang's biography of this amazing woman who overcame the stigma of her sex, her lack of formal education, and whose survival skills allowed her to become a formidable force, reveals Cixi to be thoroughly human, a complex woman with many more virtues than flaws. She had no points of reference from which she could derive deduced plans of action; she had to learn by doing, so of course she made mistakes, of course she authorized actions that came from her gut reaction to the almost impossible horrific situations created by the so-called civilized countries. In the end she regretted her missteps bespeaking her conscience.

She never had recognition as the legitimate leader of her country; she could not interact with foreigners because of court protocol. She was constantly balancing her rule with managing her obstreperous Court Advisors, all while learning how to interact with aggressive, pugnacious, greedy, avaricious foreign powers. She was almost literally blindfolded with her hands tied behind her back! Remember, China had no previous foreign missions, no previous diplomatic contact, and no one who could or would school her. China had closed her doors; China now found herself totally unprepared for the whirlwind landing on her shores.

Cixi overcame her inexperience by being precociously able to evolve; she overcame her prejudices by becoming open to change. Placed into her shoes with only her knowledge of her environment, who among us could rise (let alone survive) from concubine to empress, then from a virtually powerless ceremonial position to being the invisible ultimate power of the largest nation in the world even while constrained by obsolescent but nearly insurmountable court protocol!

Chang did an amazing scholarly work relying on newly uncovered primary resources that bely previous held beliefs about Cixi. This is an amazingly well written biography that is also easily read. Considering it is not welcome in China may speak to its veracity.

For future editions, a pronunciation guide would be welcomed by most. Also numbered footnotes would be lovely.

Name: Craig Cowing
Rating: 5.0 out of 5 stars
Title: Fantastic
Date: Reviewed in the United States on September 20, 2022
Review: This is a absorbing, detailed account of the reign of Cixi and her domination of the last several emperors of China. He covers the tensions between those who wanted to reform and modernize the government and those who wanted to retain the fossilized past. This is a must read for anyone who wants to understand the background of China as it is today.