Baskadia

Zaria & It's Regional Development

GEOGRAPHY 207

AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY ZARIA

KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA

Zaria started as a single nucleus. The city started as a rural state but developed to an urban area.

Growth centers that emerged over time:

* Samaru, as a result of the Ahmadu Bello University,

* Sabo'n Gari & Tudun wada grew as a result of the raiway lines,

* Palladan as a result of the NCAT,

* The G. R. A came about as a result of the Colonial Masters wanted to separate themselves from the Natives.

The city grew around a multiple nucleus system sorrounded by a wall I. E from different growth points or centers. The city came about as a result of segregation.

Walls of The City(zaria)

a. Control of trade

b. Collection of dues/taxation

c. Defense & Security

d. Boundary mark of the city

Zaria city walls was built between 14th-15th century

Sabo'n Gari was made up by migrants from Southern & other parts of Nigeria

Tudun wada made by immigrants from the north.

Methods used to improved industrial development of Zaria:

Tax Collection

Provision of infrastructure

Development of industrial parks

There are two major industrial estate in zaria:

*Dakaci & Chikaji industrial Estate

Population of Zaria

As of 2006 the population of Zaria was estimated 700, 000 approximately. However today is over one million.

ZARIA is the second largest after Igabi with population density of 400,000 (and Sabo'n Gari 200,000) 2006.

Causes of Rapid & High Population Density in Zaria.

*In-migration ( urban-urban, rural-urban, urban-rural migration migration)

*Early marriage

*Religious Belief

*Polygamous system of marriage

*High fertility rate

*High number of women in their reproductive age (11-49yrs)

Zaria has large young population ranging from 0-14yrs

Population Structures, male population slightly above female population some areas areas are sparsely populated while others are densely populated e. g G. R. A (spared) zaria, Tudun Wada (densed) as a result of agglomeration.

The Fulani rulers took over the administration under the rule of Usman Danfodio in 1804. Zauzzau Emirates has four Dynasty:

*Mallawa Dynasty

*Barebari Dynasty

*Subullawa Dynasty

*Katsinawa Dynasty

Rivers in Zaria

Zaria Dam was built to conserve water resources. It goes about 46km upstream and 40m deep. The source of water to river Galama is the Shituhills from Jos Plateau about 300KM away.

The dam was created (1974-1975) by Audu Bako kano state former Military Governor. The dam was commissioned in 13th March 1975

Zaria's Source of water,

Ground Water

Surface water/river

Ocean/sea water

Rainfall

Uses of Water,

Domestic uses

Industrial uses

Recreational

Fishing

Agriculture

E.g, R. Galma cultivates,

*Rice

*Tomatoes

*Onion

*Fishing

The dam was created for the purpose of Irrigation, fishing, domestic uses & conservation.

Climatology of Zaria

The climate of Zaria is the average weather conditions of a place for over a long period of time of about 35yrs. Apparent Temperature 22°, Air humidity 18%...

The climate of Zaria is classified as a Tropical Continental climate.

It is characterized by alternative wet & dry seasons caused by two air masses,

*Tropical Maritime Airmasses flowing from the Atlantic

*Tropical Continental Airmasses flowing from the NorthgEastern Sahara.

The point or zone where both Airmasses meets is called Inter-tropical discontinuity zone.

Geology of Zaria

ZARIA is located at a Basement Complex. It is an intrusive suite of geologic formation.

Rocks found in Zaria are highly resistant to erosion and weathering. Within the Rocks are three kinds of minerals

*Quartz

*Feldspar(sodium, calcium, alumina)

*Migmitides(iron, magnesium & manganese)

Kufena Hill

The Kufena hill is made up of two types rocks namely,

*Inselbrgs

*Mesas

The inselbergsare of two kinds;

*Ruwari(whale back)

*Bournhards(clusters on a rock)

The chemical composition of rocks in Kufena hill are special and different from those found in the valley. Rockson the hills are resistant to erosion, weathering & transport movement of weathered materials. Vegetation of Zaria The vegetation is characterized by short trees, trees, grasses & shrubs. *They have vertical stratification *Continues layer of grasses & shrubs *Discontinuous layer of trees *The Mesophyte *The megatherms(20°) *The Sociophytes *The Heliophytes Threes in Zaria are seasonal. Adaptive Features They have thick backs with thiy leaves which reduces transportation. Vegetation or Plant Communities *Savanah woodland *shrubs lands *Riberian *Parkland (cultivated lands) Plants Species Isoberlina Doka Isoberlina Domentosa Adamsonia Digitata(Baobab) Khanga Senegal Economic Trees Mangoe Trees Silk Cutton Date-Palm Tree Threats to the Vegation of Zaria *Bushburning *Mugging *Extensive Cultivation *Urban Expansion *Climate Change Control Measures *Reafforestation *Agro-forestry *Conservation measures NB: inselbergs are located in three places: Dumbi Hange Farakwai Evidence of early settlements around the inselbergs; *The ruins of ancient buildings *Grinding Hollows *Podsherds *Stone implements found around the Inselbergs *Baobab Trees The two major distinct seasons in Zaria determines the economic and social activities of the people in zaria. Wet season is the busiest period of the year because the major activity of the season is farming while dry season the period of Bush clearing, preparation of seedling, building of new huts, hunting, fishing festivity, trading expeditions. Late April and early May marks the beginning of raining season; August - September marks the peak of wet season characterized by low temperature, high relative humidity and frequent rainfall. Dry season starts from September to early October. Soils in Zaria Soils in Zaria is formed by the action of moisture, vegetation, animals & man, formed on loose materials by weathering. Soil of Zaria is classified under the tropical ferrogenius soil found in areas with wet & dry season. Soil near the inselbergs are classified as weakly formed soil. Soils found around river valley are called hydromorphic soil (fadama soil). The soils is fine-grained and poorly drained. Conclusively, Zaria is an Academic region where numerous academic & educational institutions are situated. Dominated mostly by students and the housa-fulani's. It's located within the Kaduna State. © by U15GS1056 @ 9th January, 2023, 10:19 A. M