it can suggest yield declines in key food and cash crops, and temperature increases are likely to strain urban dwellers and outdoor labourers, increasing the risk of heat-related sickness and death. Climate change is creating uncertainty for Pakistan's water supplies, especially in the Indus Basin.

Effects of heat wave in pakistan

MKHAN

In recent years, Pakistan has experienced some of the most intense heat waves on record, leading to widespread heat stress, illness, and death, particularly among vulnerable populations such as the elderly and young children.Additionally,

 can negatively impact agriculture by reducing crop yields, causing water scarcity, and increasing the risk of wildfires. Furthermore, they can also lead to increased energy demand and decreased worker productivity, leading to economic losses.

Despite the numerous and far-reaching consequences of heat waves in Pakistan, they are expected to become even more frequent and severe in the coming years as a result of climate change.Heat waves are prolonged periods of excessively high temperatures that occur in a particular region. They are defined as an extended period of abnormal heat, typically lasting several days to several weeks, and characterised by temperatures that are significantly above average for that location.

Heat waves can produce a wide range of effects, including increased heat-related illnesses and deaths, reduced crop yields, increased energy demand, decreased worker productivity, and heightened risk of wildfires.

They can also exacerbate existing problems, such as water scarcity and air pollution, and can have long-term impacts on public health and the environment. Heat waves are a growing concern globally, particularly in the context of 

, which is causing more frequent and severe heat waves in many regions.

Following are some of the most common threats from a 

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