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SQL (Structured Query Language) is a domain-specific language used for managing and manipulating relational databases. It is commonly used for tasks such as querying data, updating data, inserting data, and deleting data in a database. Here are some basic SQL commands and concepts:

1. SELECT Statement:
   

   • Used to retrieve data from one or more tables.
     

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• SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name WHERE condition;
  

• INSERT Statement:
  

  • Used to insert new records into a table.
    

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• INSERT INTO table_name (column1, column2, ...) VALUES (value1, value2, ...);
  

• UPDATE Statement:
  

  • Used to modify existing records in a table.
    

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• UPDATE table_name SET column1 = value1, column2 = value2, ... WHERE condition;
  

• DELETE Statement:
  

  • Used to delete records from a table.
    

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• DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;
  

• CREATE TABLE Statement:
  

  • Used to create a new table.
    

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• CREATE TABLE table_name ( column1 datatype, column2 datatype, ... );
  

• ALTER TABLE Statement:
  

  • Used to modify an existing table, such as adding or deleting columns.
    

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• ALTER TABLE table_name ADD column_name datatype;
  

• DROP TABLE Statement:
  

  • Used to delete an existing table and its data.
    

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• DROP TABLE table_name;
  

• SELECT DISTINCT Statement:
  

  • Used to retrieve unique values from a column.
    

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• SELECT DISTINCT column_name FROM table_name;
  

• WHERE Clause:
  

  • Used to filter records based on a condition.
    

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• SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name WHERE condition;
  

• ORDER BY Clause:
  

  • Used to sort the result set in ascending or descending order.
    

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1. SELECT column1, column2, ... FROM table_name ORDER BY column1 ASC|DESC, column2 ASC|DESC, ...;
   

These are basic SQL commands, and there are many more advanced concepts and commands to explore, such as JOIN operations, GROUP BY, HAVING, subqueries, and more. SQL is a powerful tool for working with relational databases, and its syntax is standardized across most database management systems (DBMS) with some variations.